Corporate Taxes Reduce Investment: New Evidence from Germany
Key Messages
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Firms react to increases in corporate taxes by investing less than previously planned: a one percentage point increase in corporate taxes is associated with a cut in firm investment of around three percent.
- Each additional Euro of tax revenues comes at the cost of a decrease in firm investment of more than 2 Euro.
- If taxes are increased during a recession, the magnitude of the investment response is twice as large.
- These findings have implications for the assessment of the corporate tax system and the optimal design of fiscal federalism.
This policy brief provides novel empirical evidence on the causal effect of increasing corporate taxes on firm investment. The study combines unique data on investment plans and their realizations of firms in the German industrial sector and data on more than 1,400 local tax changes in the specific system of business taxation in Germany. We show that firms reduce their investments if corporate taxes were increased. An increase of corporate tax rates to stabilize fiscal revenues would be especially costly during recessions. We conclude that fiscal policy should therefore avoid higher corporate taxation in times of economic crisis. Moreover, our results have implications for the op-timal design of fiscal federalism in Germany. Strong dependencies of municipalities on local business tax revenues should be avoided, as they can be very harmful during recessions.
Sebastian Link, Manuel Menkhoff, Andreas Peichl and Paul Schüle: “Corporate Taxes Reduce Investment: New Evidence from Germany,” EconPol Policy Brief 44 July 2022.